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・ Tongue Point Naval Air Station
・ Tongue River
・ Tongue River (Montana)
・ Tongue River (North Dakota)
・ Tongue River (Texas)
・ Tongue River Cave
・ Tongue River Dam
・ Tongue River Formation
・ Tongue River Railroad
・ Tongue River Reservoir State Park
・ Tongue Rock
・ Tongue Rocks
・ Tongue rolling
・ Tongue shape
・ Tongue splitting
Tongue thrust
・ Tongue tied (disambiguation)
・ Tongue Tied (Faber Drive song)
・ Tongue Tied (Grouplove song)
・ Tongue Tied (song)
・ Tongue toast
・ Tongue Wash
・ Tongue, Highland
・ Tongue-and-groove pliers
・ Tongue-in-cheek
・ Tongue-tie (tack)
・ Tongue-Tied (book)
・ Tongue-twister
・ Tonguefish
・ Tongues (Esham album)


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Tongue thrust : ウィキペディア英語版
Tongue thrust

Tongue thrust (also called reverse swallow or immature swallow) is the common name of orofacial muscular imbalance, a human behavioral pattern in which the tongue protrudes through the anterior incisors during swallowing, speech, and while the tongue is at rest. Nearly all infants exhibit a swallowing pattern involving tongue protrusion, but by six months of age most lose this reflex allowing for the ingestion of solid foods.〔http://www.educus.com/Journals/16818591〕
Since 1958, the term "tongue thrust" has been described and discussed in speech and dental publications by many writers. Many school-age children have tongue thrust. For example, according to recent literature, as many as 67–95 percent of children 5–8 years old exhibit tongue thrust, which may be associated with or contributing to an orthodontic or speech problem. Up to the age of four, there is a possibility that the child will outgrow tongue thrust. However, if the tongue thrust swallowing pattern is retained beyond that age, it may be strengthened.
==Causes==
Factors that can contribute to tongue thrusting include macroglossia (enlarged tongue), thumb sucking, large tonsils, hereditary factors, ankyloglossia (tongue tie), and certain types of artificial nipples used in feeding infants. In addition, allergies or nasal congestion can cause the tongue to lie low in the mouth because of breathing obstruction, contributing to tongue thrusting.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Tongue thrust」の詳細全文を読む



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